Infertility is defined by doctors as the failure to become pregnant after a year of unprotected intercourse. In females, it can be caused by low thyroid function, sex-hormone abnormalities, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, endometriosis, scarring of the tubes connecting the ovaries with the uterus, or other factors. In men, infertility is usually associated with a decrease in the number, quality, or motility of sperm. The specific cause of infertility should always be diagnosed by a physician before considering possible solutions.
Female and male infertility is treated with elimination of alcohol, smoking, and caffeine since it may interfere with fertility. Addressing nutritional deficiencies that may inhibit fertility with appropriate nutrient therapy and treating hormone dysfunction with herbal medicine is also recommended.